---
title: “Then a red horseman, on a red horse, in a red cloak, overtook me: w… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “Then a red horseman, on a red horse, in a red cloak, overtook me: who was he?” Who acts: red horseman. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 15, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 15, sentence 9

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“Then a red horseman, on a red horse, in a red cloak, overtook me: who was he?”

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**Who acts:** red horseman · **What happens:** overtake, be · **To what, where:** Bába, horseman

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (red horseman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:15:9
# text = “Then a red horseman, on a red horse, in a red cloak, overtook me: who was he?”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	horseman	horseman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	cloak	cloak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
17	overtook	overtake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
20	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	parataxis	_	_
21	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overtake** *in a quote* | past | a red horseman and a red horse and a red cloak | Bába |  |  |  | who *parataxis* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | past |  | horseman |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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