---
title: The devil was very patient, and endured all this maltreatment. — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The devil was very patient, and endured all this maltreatment. Who acts: devil. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 16, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 16, sentence 55

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The devil was very patient, and endured all this maltreatment.

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**Who acts:** devil · **What happens:** be, endure · **To what, where:** maltreatment

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (devil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:16:55
# text = The devil was very patient, and endured all this maltreatment.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	devil	devil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	patient	patient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	endured	endure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
9	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	11	det:predet	_	_
10	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	det	_	_
11	maltreatment	maltreatment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the devil |  |  |  |  | patient *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **endure** | past | the devil *not said here* | all maltreatment |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme maltreatment=Circumstance |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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