---
title: Then the wife of the knight observed Ilyá up in the grey oak, and sp… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the wife of the knight observed Ilyá up in the grey oak, and spoke to him in this wise: “Hail, valiant and brave youth; climb down from the grey oak. Who acts: wife. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 16, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 16, sentence 8

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Then the wife of the knight observed Ilyá up in the grey oak, and spoke to him in this wise: “Hail, valiant and brave youth; climb down from the grey oak.

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**Who acts:** wife · **What happens:** observe up, speak, climb down · **To what, where:** Ilyá, grey oak, Hail, KNIGHT, wise · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:16:8
# text = Then the wife of the knight observed Ilyá up in the grey oak, and spoke to him in this wise: “Hail, valiant and brave youth; climb down from the grey oak.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	observed	observe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	Ilyá	Ilyá	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	oak	oak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	21	nsubj	_	_
21	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
23	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	Hail	hail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	valiant	valiant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
31	climb	climb	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
32	down	down	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
33	from	from	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	oak	oak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **observe up** | past | the wife of the knight | Ilyá |  | the grey oak | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent ilyá=Topic |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past |  | Hail | KNIGHT | wise  this |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to he=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **climb down** *in a quote* | infinitive | the wife of the knight *not said here* |  |  | the grey oak |  | down *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from oak=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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