---
title: The Tsarévich could not help himself, and was forced to give way; an… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The Tsarévich could not help himself, and was forced to give way; and signed the bond to his servant in his own blood. Who acts: Tsarévich. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 17, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 17, sentence 83

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The Tsarévich could not help himself, and was forced to give way; and signed the bond to his servant in his own blood.

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**Who acts:** Tsarévich · **What happens:** not help, force, give, sign · **To what, where:** servant, way, bond

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsarévich), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:17:83
# text = The Tsarévich could not help himself, and was forced to give way; and signed the bond to his servant in his own blood.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	forced	force	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	signed	sign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	bond	bond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
24	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **help** | could | the Tsarévich | servant |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **force** | past · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: clause=Topic |
| 3 | **give** | to-infinitive |  | way |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Theme |
| 4 | **sign** | past |  | the bond | servant's servant in servant's own blood |  |  |  | vn instr\_communication-37.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent bond=Topic to servant=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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