---
title: “That is not a youth, but an angel who was lying there; and that is… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “That is not a youth, but an angel who was lying there; and that is why they are on such good and loving terms.” Who acts: That, angel, youth, angels. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 18, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 18, sentence 129

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“That is not a youth, but an angel who was lying there; and that is why they are on such good and loving terms.”

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**Who acts:** That, angel, youth, angels · **What happens:** not be, lie, be · **To what, where:** youth, such good terms · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (That, angel, youth, angels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:18:129
# text = “That is not a youth, but an angel who was lying there; and that is why they are on such good and loving terms.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	angel	angel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	acl:relcl	_	_
20	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
21	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
22	on	on	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
23	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
24	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	loving	loving	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	conj	_	_
27	terms	term	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** *in a quote* | present | That | a youth |  |  |  | a angel *appos* | tree rules |
| 2 | **lie** *in a quote* | past · progressive | a angel |  |  | there |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | a youth | a youth *not said here* |  |  |  | why *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | angels *= angel* |  |  | such good terms |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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