--- title: In a certain kingdom once there lived a Tsar who had a young son—Tsa… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics description: In a certain kingdom once there lived a Tsar who had a young son—Tsarévich Evstáfi—who did not love visiting or dances, nor promenades, but only liked going in the streets and walking among the poor, the simple folk, and the beggars, and bestowing alms on them. Who acts: Tsar, young son. A sentence --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/18/26/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Folk-Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/) / [Opening, part 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/18/) / 26 # Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 18, sentence 26 In a certain kingdom once there lived a Tsar who had a young son—Tsarévich Evstáfi—who did not love visiting or dances, nor promenades, but only liked going in the streets and walking among the poor, the simple folk, and the beggars, and bestowing alms on them. **Who acts:** Tsar, young son · **What happens:** live, have, not love, visit, like, go · **To what, where:** certain kingdom, young son, dances, beggars, simple folk, streets This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar, young son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg62509:18:26 # text = In a certain kingdom once there lived a Tsar who had a young son—Tsarévich Evstáfi—who did not love visiting or dances, nor promenades, but only liked going in the streets and walking among the poor, the simple folk, and the beggars, and bestowing alms on them. 1 In in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 certain certain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 kingdom kingdom NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 5 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 6 advmod _ _ 6 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 7 advmod _ _ 7 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 Tsar Tsar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 10 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 11 nsubj _ _ 11 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 ccomp _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 15 — - PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 16 Tsarévich Tsarévich PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 appos _ _ 17 Evstáfi Evstáfi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 18 — - PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 19 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 22 nsubj _ _ 20 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 21 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 22 advmod _ _ 22 love love VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 parataxis _ _ 23 visiting visit VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 22 xcomp _ _ 24 or or CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 dances dance NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 28 cc _ _ 28 promenades promenade NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 29 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 30 but but CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 31 only only ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 32 liked like VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 advcl _ _ 33 going go VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 32 xcomp _ _ 34 in in ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 streets street NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 obl _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 38 walking walk VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 33 conj _ _ 39 among among ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 poor poor ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 42 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 44 simple simple ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 folk folk NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 46 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 beggars beggar NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 50 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 51 and and CCONJ CC _ 52 cc _ _ 52 bestowing bestow VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 32 advcl _ _ 53 alms alm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 52 obj _ _ 54 on on ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 55 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 56 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | past | | | | a certain kingdom; there | | | tree rules | | 2 | **have** | past | a Tsar | a young son | | | | who *nsubj* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient | | 3 | **not** **love** | past · do-support | a young son | | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 4 | **visit** *not said to happen* | gerund | a young son *not said here* | dances nor promenades | | | | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dance=Co-Agent | | 5 | **like** | participle | a young son *not said here* | the beggars | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | | 6 | **go** *not said to happen* | gerund | a young son *not said here* | the simple folk | | the streets | | | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in street=Location | | 7 | **walk** | gerund | a young son *not said here* | | | the poor | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among poor=Trajectory | | 8 | **bestow** | gerund | a young son *not said here* | alms | | | | on alms *= alm* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/18/25/) - next →: [sentence 27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/18/27/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/18/)