---
title: She used to dress in male fashion, used to sit astride on horseback;… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: She used to dress in male fashion, used to sit astride on horseback; shot with her gun, and did nothing like other girls; and there were very few who knew that she was a maiden. Who acts: VASILÍSA. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 18, with its dependency tree and 
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 18, sentence 44

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She used to dress in male fashion, used to sit astride on horseback; shot with her gun, and did nothing like other girls; and there were very few who knew that she was a maiden.

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**Who acts:** VASILÍSA · **What happens:** use, dress, sit, do, be, know · **To what, where:** male fashion, horseback, nothing · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (VASILÍSA), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:18:44
# text = She used to dress in male fashion, used to sit astride on horseback; shot with her gun, and did nothing like other girls; and there were very few who knew that she was a maiden.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	dress	dress	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	male	male	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	fashion	fashion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	astride	astride	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	horseback	horseback	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
16	shot	shot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	gun	gun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
23	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	22	obj	_	_
24	like	like	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	girls	girl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	30	expl	_	_
30	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	cop	_	_
31	very	very	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
33	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	34	nsubj	_	_
34	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	acl:relcl	_	_
35	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
36	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
37	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	cop	_	_
38	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	maiden	maiden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | VASILÍSA *= vasilísa* |  |  |  |  | shot with VASILÍSA's gun *parataxis* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **dress** | to-infinitive | VASILÍSA *= vasilísa* *not said here* |  |  | male fashion |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **use** | participle |  | male fashion *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **sit** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | horseback |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent astride horseback=Location |
| 5 | **do** | past | VASILÍSA *= vasilísa* *not said here* | nothing |  |  |  | like other girls | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality |
| 6 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | few *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **know** | past |  |  |  |  |  | who *nsubj* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 8 | **is** | past | VASILÍSA *= vasilísa* |  |  |  |  | maiden *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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