---
title: Still the Tsar was utterly at a loss whether it were a maiden, and h… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Still the Tsar was utterly at a loss whether it were a maiden, and he had made up his mind to find out. Who acts: you, Tsar, loss, bade. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 18, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 18, sentence 76

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Still the Tsar was utterly at a loss whether it were a maiden, and he had made up his mind to find out.

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**Who acts:** you, Tsar, loss, bade · **What happens:** still, be, make up, find out, mind · **To what, where:** loss, mind

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Tsar, loss, bade), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:18:76
# text = Still the Tsar was utterly at a loss whether it were a maiden, and he had made up his mind to find out.
1	Still	still	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	utterly	utterly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
9	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	maiden	maiden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	parataxis	_	_
19	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	advcl	_	_
24	out	out	ADP	RP	_	23	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **still** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | the Tsar |  |  | a loss |  | utterly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | loss |  |  |  |  | maiden *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **make up** | past · perfect | bade | bade's mind |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mind=Pivot |
| 5 | **find out** | to-infinitive | bade *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **mind** |  | bade |  |  |  |  |  | nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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