---
title: Then the soldier said to the Tsar, “God guards him who guards himsel… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the soldier said to the Tsar, “God guards him who guards himself; let one of us rest and the other stand guard.” Who acts: soldier, God. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 19, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 19, sentence 41

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Then the soldier said to the Tsar, “God guards him who guards himself; let one of us rest and the other stand guard.”

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**Who acts:** soldier, God · **What happens:** say, guard, let · **To what, where:** Tsar, one rest · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (soldier, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:19:41
# text = Then the soldier said to the Tsar, “God guards him who guards himself; let one of us rest and the other stand guard.”
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	soldier	soldier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	guards	guard	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	guards	guard	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
15	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
17	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
18	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nmod	_	_
21	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
24	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
25	stand	stand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the soldier |  | the Tsar |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to tsar=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **guard** *in a quote* | present | God |  | TSAR |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **guard** *in a quote* | present |  | TSAR |  |  |  | who *nsubj* | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **let** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | one rest and the other stand guard |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rest=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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