---
title: Then the soldier gave him his sharp cutlass, put him at the door, ba… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the soldier gave him his sharp cutlass, put him at the door, bade him not go to sleep, and arouse him if anything should happen. Who acts: soldier, bade, anything. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 19, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 19, sentence 43

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Then the soldier gave him his sharp cutlass, put him at the door, bade him not go to sleep, and arouse him if anything should happen.

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**Who acts:** soldier, bade, anything · **What happens:** give, put, not go, not arouse, happen · **To what, where:** sharp cutlass, TSAR, door, sleep

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (soldier, bade, anything), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:19:43
# text = Then the soldier gave him his sharp cutlass, put him at the door, bade him not go to sleep, and arouse him if anything should happen.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	soldier	soldier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	iobj	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	cutlass	cutlass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	bade	bade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	arouse	arouse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	conj	_	_
25	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
27	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	29	nsubj	_	_
28	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the soldier | TSAR's sharp cutlass | TSAR |  | then |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient cutlass=Theme |
| 2 | **put** | infinitive | the soldier *not said here* | TSAR |  | the door |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme at door=Destination |
| 3 | **not** **go** | infinitive | bade |  |  | sleep |  | TSAR *nsubj* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to sleep=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **not** **arouse** | infinitive | bade *not said here* | TSAR |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer |
| 5 | **happen** *a condition, not said to happen* | should | anything |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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