---
title: The old man gave her the piece, and she planted it; and a bush with… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The old man gave her the piece, and she planted it; and a bush with sweet berries grew up, with little birds singing on it, singing songs fit for kings and peasants. Who acts: old man, Márya, bush, little birds. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 2, with its depende
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 2, sentence 24

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The old man gave her the piece, and she planted it; and a bush with sweet berries grew up, with little birds singing on it, singing songs fit for kings and peasants.

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**Who acts:** old man, Márya, bush, little birds, singing songs · **What happens:** give, plant, grow up, sing, fit · **To what, where:** piece, Márya, bush

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, Márya, bush, little birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:2:24
# text = The old man gave her the piece, and she planted it; and a bush with sweet berries grew up, with little birds singing on it, singing songs fit for kings and peasants.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	iobj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	planted	plant	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
20	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
21	up	up	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
26	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	acl	_	_
27	on	on	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	31	amod	_	_
31	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nsubj	_	_
32	fit	fit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
33	for	for	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	peasants	peasant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the old man | the piece | Márya |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient piece=Theme |
| 2 | **plant** | past | Márya | piece |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **grow up** | past | a bush with sweet berries |  |  |  |  | with little birds | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund | little birds *not said here* |  |  | bush |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on it=Location |
| 5 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **fit** | present | singing songs |  |  |  |  | for kings and peasants | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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