--- title: “In a certain pond,” a fifth devil said, “there is a peasant who has… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics description: “In a certain pond,” a fifth devil said, “there is a peasant who has put up a water-mill, and for many years he has been striving to make it go, but whenever he lets the water through the sluice, I make a hole in it, and all the water flows through.” Who acts: fifth devil, peasant, mill, water. A se --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/117/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Folk-Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/) / [Opening, part 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/) / 117 # Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 20, sentence 117 “In a certain pond,” a fifth devil said, “there is a peasant who has put up a water-mill, and for many years he has been striving to make it go, but whenever he lets the water through the sluice, I make a hole in it, and all the water flows through.” **Who acts:** fifth devil, peasant, mill, water · **What happens:** say, be, put up, strive, make, go · **To what, where:** certain pond, water mill, mill, water, sluice, hole · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fifth devil, peasant, mill, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg62509:20:117 # text = “In a certain pond,” a fifth devil said, “there is a peasant who has put up a water-mill, and for many years he has been striving to make it go, but whenever he lets the water through the sluice, I make a hole in it, and all the water flows through.” 1 “ " PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 In in ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 certain certain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 pond pond NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 7 ” " PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 fifth fifth ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 devil devil NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 11 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 “ " PUNCT `` _ 15 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 14 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 15 expl _ _ 15 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 ccomp _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 peasant peasant NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 18 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 20 nsubj _ _ 19 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 20 put put VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 17 acl:relcl _ _ 21 up up ADP RP _ 20 compound:prt _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 23 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 24 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 23 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 25 mill mill NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 28 for for ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl _ _ 31 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 32 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 33 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 34 aux _ _ 34 striving strive VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 11 advcl _ _ 35 to to PART TO _ 36 mark _ _ 36 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 34 xcomp _ _ 37 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 obj _ _ 38 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 36 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 40 but but CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 41 whenever whenever SCONJ WRB _ 43 mark _ _ 42 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 nsubj _ _ 43 lets let VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 advcl _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obj _ _ 46 through through ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 sluice sluice NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 49 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 50 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 51 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 parataxis _ _ 52 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 53 hole hole NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obj _ _ 54 in in ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 55 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 51 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 56 , , PUNCT , _ 61 punct _ _ 57 and and CCONJ CC _ 61 cc _ _ 58 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 60 det:predet _ _ 59 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 60 det _ _ 60 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 61 nsubj _ _ 61 flows flow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 conj _ _ 62 through through ADP IN _ 61 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 63 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 64 ” " PUNCT '' _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | a fifth devil | | | a certain pond | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **be** *in a quote* | present | a peasant | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **put up** *in a quote* | present · perfect | a peasant | a water mill | | | | | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent mill=Goal | | 4 | **strive** *in a quote* | present · perfect · progressive | peasant | | | | year | | tree rules | | 5 | **make** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | peasant *not said here* | mill | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **go** *in a quote* | infinitive | mill *not said here* | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **let** *in a quote* | present | peasant | the water | | the sluice | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme | | 8 | **make** *in a quote* | present | a fifth devil *= devil* | a hole | | | | in devil | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Product | | 9 | **flow** *in a quote* | present | all water | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 116](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/116/) - next →: [sentence 118](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/118/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/)