--- title: Once he met his former companion, who was very much astonished, and… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics description: Once he met his former companion, who was very much astonished, and asked: “How is it you have become so rich, and how did you grow your hand on again?” Who acts: peasant, former companion, companion, you. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 20, with its dependency t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/123/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Folk-Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/) / [Opening, part 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/) / 123 # Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 20, sentence 123 Once he met his former companion, who was very much astonished, and asked: “How is it you have become so rich, and how did you grow your hand on again?” **Who acts:** peasant, former companion, companion, you · **What happens:** meet, be, ask, grow on · **To what, where:** former companion, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (peasant, former companion, companion, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg62509:20:123 # text = Once he met his former companion, who was very much astonished, and asked: “How is it you have become so rich, and how did you grow your hand on again?” 1 Once once SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 met meet VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 advcl _ _ 4 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 5 former former ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 companion companion NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 8 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 9 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 10 very very ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 much much ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 12 astonished astonished ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 15 asked ask VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 16 : : PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 17 “ " PUNCT `` _ 23 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 18 How how ADV WRB PronType=Int 23 advmod _ _ 19 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 cop _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 21 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 22 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 23 become become VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 15 conj _ _ 24 so so ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 28 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 31 advmod _ _ 29 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 30 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 ccomp _ _ 32 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ _ 33 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 34 on on ADP RP _ 31 compound:prt _ _ 35 again again ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 36 ? ? PUNCT . _ 31 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 37 ” " PUNCT '' _ 31 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **meet** | past | peasant | peasant's former companion | | | | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent companion=Co-Agent | | 2 | **is** | past | peasant's former companion | | | | | astonished *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | | | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present · perfect | companion | | | | | you *nsubj*; become, rich *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **grow on** *in a quote* | past · do-support | you | your hand | | | again | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hand=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 122](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/122/) - next →: [sentence 124](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/124/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/20/)