---
title: But their chief joy was in this: that the Lord had presented them wi… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: But their chief joy was in this: that the Lord had presented them with a son, and such a beautiful son too! Who acts: chief joy, roubles. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 37

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But their chief joy was in this: that the Lord had presented them with a son, and such a beautiful son too!

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**Who acts:** chief joy, roubles · **What happens:** be, present, joy · **To what, where:** this

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief joy, roubles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:21:37
# text = But their chief joy was in this: that the Lord had presented them with a son, and such a beautiful son too!
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	chief	chief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	presented	present	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
20	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	23	det:predet	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
24	too	too	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | roubles's chief joy |  |  | this |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **present** | past · perfect · passive |  | this |  |  |  | with a son; the Lord *nsubj*; roubles *= rouble* *obj*; such beautiful son *conj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **joy** |  | roubles *= rouble* |  |  |  |  |  | nom joy «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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