---
title: The poor man lay on the oven and saw how merry the other two were ma… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The poor man lay on the oven and saw how merry the other two were making; and fell down and killed the child in the cradle. Who acts: poor man, other two. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 6

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The poor man lay on the oven and saw how merry the other two were making; and fell down and killed the child in the cradle.

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**Who acts:** poor man, other two · **What happens:** lie, see, make, fall down, kill · **To what, where:** oven, child, cradle

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poor man, other two), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:21:6
# text = The poor man lay on the oven and saw how merry the other two were making; and fell down and killed the child in the cradle.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	oven	oven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
11	merry	merry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nsubj	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
20	down	down	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	killed	kill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	cradle	cradle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | the poor man |  |  | the oven |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on oven=Location |
| 2 | **see** | past | the poor man *not said here* |  |  |  |  | merry *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **make** | past · progressive | the other two |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 4 | **fall down** | past |  |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **kill** | past |  | the child |  | the cradle |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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