---
title: The old man said to Iván: “Get ready, Ivánushka, and load these bric… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The old man said to Iván: “Get ready, Ivánushka, and load these bricks on your ship.” Who acts: old man. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 72

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The old man said to Iván: “Get ready, Ivánushka, and load these bricks on your ship.”

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**Who acts:** old man · **What happens:** say, get, load · **To what, where:** Iván, bricks, ship · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:21:72
# text = The old man said to Iván: “Get ready, Ivánushka, and load these bricks on your ship.”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
10	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	Ivánushka	Ivánushka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	load	load	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
16	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	17	det	_	_
17	bricks	brick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the old man |  | Iván |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to iván=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **get** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | Ivánushka *vocative*; ready *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **load** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | this bricks |  | your ship |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent brick=Theme on ship=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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