---
title: Then the king saw that he had behaved unseemlywise, and began to ask… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the king saw that he had behaved unseemlywise, and began to ask Iván for forgiveness. Who acts: king. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 93

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Then the king saw that he had behaved unseemlywise, and began to ask Iván for forgiveness.

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**Who acts:** king · **What happens:** see, behave, begin, ask · **To what, where:** Iván · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:21:93
# text = Then the king saw that he had behaved unseemlywise, and began to ask Iván for forgiveness.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	behaved	behave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	ccomp	_	_
9	unseemlywise	unseemlywise	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
15	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	forgiveness	forgiveness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the king |  |  |  | then |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **behave** | past · perfect | king |  |  |  |  | unseemlywise *property* | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **begin** | past | the king *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | to-infinitive | the king *not said here* |  | Iván |  |  | for forgiveness | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent iván=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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