---
title: He lit the firewood; and when it was in flame he took Olyóna, threw… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He lit the firewood; and when it was in flame he took Olyóna, threw her down, trod on one leg, and pulled her apart into two halves, taking hold of the other leg. Who acts: firewood, ship, flame. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 22, with its dependency tree and th
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 22, sentence 46

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He lit the firewood; and when it was in flame he took Olyóna, threw her down, trod on one leg, and pulled her apart into two halves, taking hold of the other leg.

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**Who acts:** firewood, ship, flame · **What happens:** light, be, take, throw down, pull, hold · **To what, where:** firewood, flame, Olyóna, one leg, two halves, hold

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (firewood, ship, flame), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:22:46
# text = He lit the firewood; and when it was in flame he took Olyóna, threw her down, trod on one leg, and pulled her apart into two halves, taking hold of the other leg.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lit	light	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	firewood	firewood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	flame	flame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
14	Olyóna	Olyóna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
17	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	down	down	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	trod	trod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
21	on	on	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	nummod	_	_
23	leg	leg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
27	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	_
28	apart	apart	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
29	into	into	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	31	nummod	_	_
31	halves	half	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
33	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	26	advcl	_	_
34	hold	hold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
37	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	leg	leg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **light** | past | firewood | the firewood |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent firewood=Product |
| 2 | **is** | past | ship |  |  | flame |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **take** | past | flame |  | Olyóna |  |  | firewood *nsubj* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument olyóna=Destination |
| 4 | **throw down** | past | flame *not said here* | flame |  | one leg |  | trod *obl* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent she=Theme on leg=Destination |
| 5 | **pull** | past | flame *not said here* | flame |  | two halves |  | apart *property* | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP ADJP-Result»: agent=Agent she=Result |
| 6 | **take** | gerund | flame *not said here* | hold of the other leg |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hold=Theme |
| 7 | **hold** |  |  | the other leg |  |  |  |  | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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