---
title: Next night the old man told Iván to lie down on the left-hand side o… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Next night the old man told Iván to lie down on the left-hand side of the Holy Gates. Who acts: old man. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 22, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 22, sentence 5

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Next night the old man told Iván to lie down on the left-hand side of the Holy Gates.

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**Who acts:** old man · **What happens:** tell, lie down · **To what, where:** Iván, hand side · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:22:5
# text = Next night the old man told Iván to lie down on the left-hand side of the Holy Gates.
1	Next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	iobj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
10	down	down	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
13	left	left	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	Holy	Holy	PROPN	NNP	_	20	compound	_	_
20	Gates	Gates	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the old man |  | Iván |  | night |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent iván=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **lie down** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the old man *not said here* |  |  | the hand side of the Holy Gates |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on side=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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