---
title: Iván put up crosses on his parents’ grave, clothed the poor, gave th… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Iván put up crosses on his parents’ grave, clothed the poor, gave them his house, and returned to his father-in-law, and for many years governed his kingdom. Who acts: Iván. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 22, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every 
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 22, sentence 57

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Iván put up crosses on his parents’ grave, clothed the poor, gave them his house, and returned to his father-in-law, and for many years governed his kingdom.

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**Who acts:** Iván · **What happens:** put up, clothe, give, return, govern · **To what, where:** crosses, grave, poor, house, parents, kingdom

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:22:57
# text = Iván put up crosses on his parents’ grave, clothed the poor, gave them his house, and returned to his father-in-law, and for many years governed his kingdom.
1	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	crosses	cross	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	’	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	clothed	clothe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	iobj	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
31	for	for	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
34	governed	govern	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
35	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put up** | past | Iván | crosses |  | Iván's parents's grave |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent cross=Theme on grave=Destination |
| 2 | **clothe** | past |  | the poor |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poor=Patient |
| 3 | **give** | past |  | Iván's house | parents *= parent* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient house=Theme |
| 4 | **return** | past | Iván *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to law  Iván's father *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to law=Result |
| 5 | **govern** | past | Iván *not said here* | Iván's kingdom |  |  | year |  | vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent kingdom=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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