---
title: But Iván Tsarévich in the meantime had gained ground. — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: But Iván Tsarévich in the meantime had gained ground. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 23, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 23, sentence 27

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But Iván Tsarévich in the meantime had gained ground.

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**What happens:** gain · **To what, where:** Iván Tsarévich

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:23:27
# text = But Iván Tsarévich in the meantime had gained ground.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	meantime	meantime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	gained	gain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gain** | past · perfect · passive |  | Iván Tsarévich in the meantime |  |  |  | ground *obj* | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary ground=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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