--- title: Then the witch said, “Iván Tsarévich must put himself on one balance… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics description: Then the witch said, “Iván Tsarévich must put himself on one balance and I will put myself on the other, and if I am the heavier I will eat him up; and, if he is the heavier he shall lay me low.” Who acts: witch, Iván. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 23, with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/23/35/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Folk-Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/) / [Opening, part 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/23/) / 35 # Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 23, sentence 35 Then the witch said, “Iván Tsarévich must put himself on one balance and I will put myself on the other, and if I am the heavier I will eat him up; and, if he is the heavier he shall lay me low.” **Who acts:** witch, Iván · **What happens:** say, put, be, eat up, lay · **To what, where:** Iván, one balance, witch, other · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (witch, Iván), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg62509:23:35 # text = Then the witch said, “Iván Tsarévich must put himself on one balance and I will put myself on the other, and if I am the heavier I will eat him up; and, if he is the heavier he shall lay me low.” 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 4 advmod _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 witch witch NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 6 “ " PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 7 Iván Iván PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 8 Tsarévich Tsarévich PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 flat _ _ 9 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 put put VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 ccomp _ _ 11 himself himself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 10 obj _ _ 12 on on ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 14 balance balance NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 16 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 17 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 18 put put VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 conj _ _ 19 myself myself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 18 obj _ _ 20 on on ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 25 if if SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 26 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 27 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 heavier heavy ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 4 parataxis _ _ 30 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 31 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 parataxis _ _ 33 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ _ 34 up up ADP RP _ 32 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 42 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ SpaceAfter=No 37 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 38 if if SCONJ IN _ 42 mark _ _ 39 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 40 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 cop _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 heavier heavy ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 4 parataxis _ _ 43 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 nsubj _ _ 44 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 45 aux _ _ 45 lay lay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 42 parataxis _ _ 46 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 45 obj _ _ 47 low low ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 48 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 49 ” " PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the witch | | | | then | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **put** *in a quote* | must | Iván | Iván | | one balance | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme on balance=Destination | | 3 | **put** *in a quote* | future | the witch *= witch* | the witch *= witch* | | the other | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent myself=Theme on other=Destination | | 4 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | the witch *= witch* | | | | | heavy *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **eat up** *in a quote* | future | the witch *= witch* | Iván | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | | 6 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | Iván | | | | | heavy *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **lay** *in a quote* | shall | Iván | the witch *= witch* | | | | low *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Result | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/23/34/) - next →: [sentence 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/23/36/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/23/)