--- title: And he mounted the hill a third time, and this time he was forced to… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics description: And he mounted the hill a third time, and this time he was forced to say why he was sad, and beg the Sister of the Sun for leave to go home to see what had been happening, like a doughty youth. Who acts: wind, time. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 23, with its de --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/23/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Folk-Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/) / [Opening, part 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/23/) / 4 # Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 23, sentence 4 And he mounted the hill a third time, and this time he was forced to say why he was sad, and beg the Sister of the Sun for leave to go home to see what had been happening, like a doughty youth. **Who acts:** wind, time · **What happens:** mount, force, say, be, beg, go · **To what, where:** hill, time, Sister · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wind, time), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg62509:23:4 # text = And he mounted the hill a third time, and this time he was forced to say why he was sad, and beg the Sister of the Sun for leave to go home to see what had been happening, like a doughty youth. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 mounted mount VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 hill hill NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 third third ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 8 amod _ _ 8 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl:unmarked _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 11 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 12 det _ _ 12 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj:pass _ _ 13 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj:pass _ _ 14 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux:pass _ _ 15 forced force VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 parataxis _ _ 16 to to PART TO _ 17 mark _ _ 17 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 xcomp _ _ 18 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 21 advmod _ _ 19 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 20 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 cop _ _ 21 sad sad ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 beg beg VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 conj _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 Sister sister NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nmod _ _ 30 for for ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 leave leave NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 32 to to PART TO _ 33 mark _ _ 33 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 advcl _ _ 34 home home ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 35 to to PART TO _ 36 mark _ _ 36 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 advcl _ _ 37 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 40 nsubj _ _ 38 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 39 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 40 aux _ _ 40 happening happen VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 36 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 41 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 42 like like ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 43 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 44 doughty doughty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 youth youth NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 46 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mount** | past | wind | the hill | | | time | | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hill=Patient | | 2 | **force** | past · passive | | this time | | | | wind *nsubj:pass* | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | this time *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** | past | wind | | | | | sad *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **beg** *speech: request* | infinitive | | | the Sister of the Sun | | | for leave | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent sister=Recipient for leave=Topic | | 6 | **go** | to-infinitive | | | | | | home *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **see** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 8 | **happen** | past · perfect · progressive | | | | | | like a doughty youth; what *nsubj* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/23/3/) - next →: [sentence 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/23/5/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/23/)