---
title: And the Hawk flew down from the oak, struck the ground, turned into… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And the Hawk flew down from the oak, struck the ground, turned into a doughty youth, and cried out, “O my beloved brother: how is the Lord dealing with you?” Who acts: Hawk, Lord. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 23, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 23, sentence 91

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And the Hawk flew down from the oak, struck the ground, turned into a doughty youth, and cried out, “O my beloved brother: how is the Lord dealing with you?”

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**Who acts:** Hawk, Lord · **What happens:** fly down, strike, turn, cry out, deal · **To what, where:** oak, ground, doughty youth, beloved brother · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hawk, Lord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:23:91
# text = And the Hawk flew down from the oak, struck the ground, turned into a doughty youth, and cried out, “O my beloved brother: how is the Lord dealing with you?”
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Hawk	Hawk	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	down	down	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	oak	oak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	doughty	doughty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
22	out	out	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	28	discourse	_	_
26	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
27	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
30	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	34	advmod	_	_
31	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
34	dealing	deal	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	advcl	_	_
35	with	with	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly down** | past | the Hawk |  |  | the oak |  | down *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from oak=Trajectory |
| 2 | **strike** | past | the Hawk *not said here* | the ground |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ground=Patient |
| 3 | **turn** | participle | the Hawk *not said here* |  |  | a doughty youth |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into youth=Trajectory |
| 4 | **cry out** *speech: express* | past | the Hawk *not said here* | my beloved brother |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **deal** *in a quote* | present · progressive | the Lord |  |  |  |  | with you | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with you=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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