---
title: So then he drove all the mares to the field, and this time they turn… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: So then he drove all the mares to the field, and this time they turned their tails, and they ran into the dreamy woods. Who acts: head, stakes. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 24, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 24, sentence 64

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So then he drove all the mares to the field, and this time they turned their tails, and they ran into the dreamy woods.

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**Who acts:** head, stakes · **What happens:** drive, turn, run · **To what, where:** mares, field, tails, dreamy woods

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (head, stakes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:24:64
# text = So then he drove all the mares to the field, and this time they turned their tails, and they ran into the dreamy woods.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	7	det:predet	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mares	mare	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	det	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl:unmarked	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	tails	tail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
23	into	into	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	dreamy	dreamy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | past | head | all mares |  | the field | then |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent mare=Theme to field=Trajectory |
| 2 | **turn** | past | stakes *= stake* | stakes's tails |  |  | time |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tail=Theme |
| 3 | **run** | past | stakes *= stake* |  |  |  |  | into the dreamy woods *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into wood=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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