---
title: So Iván Tsarévich was again left alone, and he wept bitterly; and on… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: So Iván Tsarévich was again left alone, and he wept bitterly; and once again he returned to Márya Moryévna, and this time too Koshchéy was not at home. Who acts: Koshchéy, time. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 24, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 24, sentence 8

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So Iván Tsarévich was again left alone, and he wept bitterly; and once again he returned to Márya Moryévna, and this time too Koshchéy was not at home.

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**Who acts:** Koshchéy, time · **What happens:** leave, weep, return, not be · **To what, where:** Iván, Márya, home

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Koshchéy, time), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:24:8
# text = So Iván Tsarévich was again left alone, and he wept bitterly; and once again he returned to Márya Moryévna, and this time too Koshchéy was not at home.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
2	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	again	again	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	alone	alone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	wept	weep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	bitterly	bitterly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	16	advmod	_	_
16	again	again	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Márya	Márya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
21	Moryévna	Moryévna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
24	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	25	det	_	_
25	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
26	too	too	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	Koshchéy	Koshchéy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	appos	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
29	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	31	advmod	_	_
30	at	at	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past · passive |  | Iván |  |  | again | alone *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **weep** | past | Koshchéy |  |  |  |  | bitterly *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **return** | past | Koshchéy |  | Márya |  | again |  | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to márya=Result |
| 4 | **not** **is** | past | this time |  |  | home |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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