---
title: The Tsarévich crossed the bridge, waved the cloth to the left twice,… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The Tsarévich crossed the bridge, waved the cloth to the left twice, and all that was left of the bridge was a thin thread. Who acts: Tsarévich. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 24, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 24, sentence 82

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The Tsarévich crossed the bridge, waved the cloth to the left twice, and all that was left of the bridge was a thin thread.

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**Who acts:** Tsarévich · **What happens:** cross, wave, leave, be · **To what, where:** bridge, cloth, left, that, thin thread

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsarévich), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:24:82
# text = The Tsarévich crossed the bridge, waved the cloth to the left twice, and all that was left of the bridge was a thin thread.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	crossed	cross	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	waved	wave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	left	left	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	twice	twice	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	19	det:predet	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	thread	thread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | past | the Tsarévich | the bridge |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bridge=Patient |
| 2 | **wave** | past | the Tsarévich *not said here* | the cloth | the left |  |  | twice *property* | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent cloth=Theme to left=Recipient |
| 3 | **leave** | past · passive |  | that |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **is a** | past |  | a thin thread |  |  |  | of the bridge | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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