---
title: And, sooner or later, so soon he caught up Iván Tsarévich, and he le… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And, sooner or later, so soon he caught up Iván Tsarévich, and he leapt to him and was going to cleave him with his curved sabre; but then the steed of Iván Tsarévich kicked Koshchéy the Deathless with all his might, and clove in his head, and the Tsarévich struck him down with his club. Who acts: K
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 24, sentence 99

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And, sooner or later, so soon he caught up Iván Tsarévich, and he leapt to him and was going to cleave him with his curved sabre; but then the steed of Iván Tsarévich kicked Koshchéy the Deathless with all his might, and clove in his head, and the Tsarévich struck him down with his club.

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**Who acts:** Koshchéy, steed, Tsarévich · **What happens:** catch up, leapt, go, cleave, kick, strike down · **To what, where:** Iván, Márya, Koshchéy

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Koshchéy, steed, Tsarévich), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:24:99
# text = And, sooner or later, so soon he caught up Iván Tsarévich, and he leapt to him and was going to cleave him with his curved sabre; but then the steed of Iván Tsarévich kicked Koshchéy the Deathless with all his might, and clove in his head, and the Tsarévich struck him down with his club.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	sooner	soon	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	10	advmod	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	leapt	leapt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	conj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	cleave	cleave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
28	curved	curved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	sabre	sabre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
31	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
32	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	38	advmod	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	steed	steed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nsubj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
37	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	flat	_	_
38	kicked	kick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
39	Koshchéy	Koshchéy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	obj	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	Deathless	Deathless	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	obj	_	_
42	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	45	mark	_	_
43	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	45	det:predet	_	_
44	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	45	nmod:poss	_	_
45	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
48	clove	clove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
49	in	in	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
50	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	51	nmod:poss	_	_
51	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	56	punct	_	_
53	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	56	cc	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	Tsarévich	Tsarévich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	56	nsubj	_	_
56	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
57	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	56	obj	_	_
58	down	down	ADP	RP	_	56	compound:prt	_	_
59	with	with	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
60	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	61	nmod:poss	_	_
61	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch up** | past | Koshchéy | Iván |  |  |  | clove in Koshchéy's head *obl*; soon *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent iván=Theme |
| 2 | **leapt** | past | Koshchéy |  | Márya |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **go** | past · progressive | Koshchéy *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **cleave** | to-infinitive | Koshchéy *not said here* | Koshchéy |  |  |  | with Koshchéy's curved sabre | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent he=Patient with sabre=Instrument |
| 5 | **kick** | past | the steed of Iván | Koshchéy |  |  | then | the Deathless *obj* | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP ADJP»: agent=Agent koshchéy=Patient deathless=Result |
| 6 | **strike down** | past | the Tsarévich | Koshchéy |  |  |  | with Koshchéy's club | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent he=Patient with club=Instrument |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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