---
title: And he began to teach him and to instruct him before all of the worl… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And he began to teach him and to instruct him before all of the world, that he must not profane the word of the Gospel, and must show respect for the priests, and must not upraise himself, but must be kindly and inclined to the ways of peace. Who acts: Tsar. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. 
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 25, sentence 101

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And he began to teach him and to instruct him before all of the world, that he must not profane the word of the Gospel, and must show respect for the priests, and must not upraise himself, but must be kindly and inclined to the ways of peace.

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**Who acts:** Tsar · **What happens:** begin, teach, instruct, not profane, show, not upraise · **To what, where:** Tsar, word, respect, Gospel

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:25:102
# text = And he began to teach him and to instruct him before all of the world, that he must not profane the word of the Gospel, and must show respect for the priests, and must not upraise himself, but must be kindly and inclined to the ways of peace.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	teach	teach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	instruct	instruct	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	before	before	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	profane	profane	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	Gospel	Gospel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	show	show	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	21	parataxis	_	_
31	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
32	for	for	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
37	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
38	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	39	advmod	_	_
39	upraise	upraise	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	_
40	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	39	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
42	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
43	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	45	aux	_	_
44	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	45	cop	_	_
45	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
47	inclined	incline	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	45	conj	_	_
48	to	to	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	obl	_	_
51	of	of	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
52	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | Tsar |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **teach** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | Tsar *not said here* |  | Tsar |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 3 | **instruct** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | Tsar *not said here* |  | Tsar |  | before all of the world |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 4 | **not** **profane** | must | Tsar | the word of the Gospel |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **show** | must |  | respect |  |  |  | for the priests | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent respect=Recipient |
| 6 | **not** **upraise** | must |  | Tsar |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **is** | must |  |  |  |  |  | kindly *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **incline** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | to the ways of peace | vn addict-96 «NP V NP PP.Theme»: agent=Agent to way=Theme |
| 9 | **word** |  |  | the Gospel |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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