---
title: “Ho!” they said, “bones, bones, come and be our guests: we are havin… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “Ho!” they said, “bones, bones, come and be our guests: we are having an evening party.” Who acts: bones, we. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 25, sentence 106

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“Ho!” they said, “bones, bones, come and be our guests: we are having an evening party.”

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**Who acts:** bones, we · **What happens:** say, come, be, have · **To what, where:** bones, guests, evening party · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bones, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:25:107
# text = “Ho!” they said, “bones, bones, come and be our guests: we are having an evening party.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ho	ho	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	parataxis	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	cop	_	_
16	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	guests	guest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
19	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	parataxis	_	_
22	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | bones *= bone* | bones and bones |  |  |  | Ho *ccomp* | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | our guests |  |  |  | our *nmod:poss* | tree rules |
| 4 | **have** *in a quote* | present · progressive | we | a evening party |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent party=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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