---
title: So he took and closed it up on the top with stakes, and strewed it o… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: So he took and closed it up on the top with stakes, and strewed it over with straw. Who acts: angel. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 25, sentence 143

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So he took and closed it up on the top with stakes, and strewed it over with straw.

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**Who acts:** angel · **What happens:** take, close up, strew over · **To what, where:** contrivance, top

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (angel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:25:144
# text = So he took and closed it up on the top with stakes, and strewed it over with straw.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	closed	close	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	stakes	stake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	strewed	strew	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	over	over	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	straw	straw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | angel |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **close up** | past | angel *not said here* | contrivance |  | the top with stakes |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **strew over** | past | angel *not said here* | contrivance |  |  |  | with straw | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Destination with straw=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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