---
title: “By what ill doom have you fallen down here?” — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “By what ill doom have you fallen down here?” A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 25, sentence 16

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“By what ill doom have you fallen down here?”

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**What happens:** fall down

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:25:16
# text = “By what ill doom have you fallen down here?”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	By	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	nsubj	_	_
4	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	doom	doom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
6	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
8	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	down	down	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall down** *in a quote* | present · perfect |  |  |  | here |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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