--- title: He took it and bowed down to them, and he went unto his city, and ar… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics description: He took it and bowed down to them, and he went unto his city, and arrived in his town, and he asked a widow if he might stay there the night, and he questioned her, saying: “Say, my mistress, who is the Tsar here?” Who acts: Tsar, mistress. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Open --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/25/68/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Folk-Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/) / [Opening, part 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/25/) / 68 # Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 25, sentence 68 He took it and bowed down to them, and he went unto his city, and arrived in his town, and he asked a widow if he might stay there the night, and he questioned her, saying: “Say, my mistress, who is the Tsar here?” **Who acts:** Tsar, mistress · **What happens:** take, bow down, go, arrive, ask, stay · **To what, where:** dress, Robbers, town, widow, Tsar · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar, mistress), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg62509:25:69 # text = He took it and bowed down to them, and he went unto his city, and arrived in his town, and he asked a widow if he might stay there the night, and he questioned her, saying: “Say, my mistress, who is the Tsar here?” 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 bowed bow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 6 down down ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 7 to to ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 13 unto unto ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 arrived arrive VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 town town NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 24 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 25 asked ask VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 widow widow NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 28 if if SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 29 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 30 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 31 stay stay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 xcomp _ _ 32 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 31 advmod _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl:unmarked _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 37 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 38 questioned question VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 39 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 41 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 38 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 42 : : PUNCT : _ 47 punct _ _ 43 “ " PUNCT `` _ 47 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 44 Say say INTJ UH _ 47 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 45 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 46 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 47 nmod:poss _ _ 47 mistress mistress NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 48 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 49 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 52 nsubj _ _ 50 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 52 cop _ _ 51 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 52 Tsar Tsar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 47 nmod _ _ 53 here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 47 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 54 ? ? PUNCT . _ 47 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 55 ” " PUNCT '' _ 47 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **take** | past | Tsar | dress | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 2 | **bow down** | past | Tsar *not said here* | | Robbers *= robber* | | | down *property* | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to they=Theme | | 3 | **go** | past | Tsar | | | | | unto Tsar's city | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **arrive** | past | Tsar *not said here* | | | Tsar's town | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | Tsar | | a widow | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent widow=Recipient clause=Topic | | 6 | **stay** *a condition, not said to happen* | might | Tsar | | | there | night | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **question** *speech: other* | past | Tsar | | widow | | | | vn interrogate-37.1.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient | | 8 | **say** *speech: ask* | gerund | Tsar *not said here* | | | | | my mistress *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | my mistress | the Tsar | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 67](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/25/67/) - next →: [sentence 69](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/25/69/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/25/)