---
title: He was pitilessly beaten, and was scarcely left alive, and could har… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He was pitilessly beaten, and was scarcely left alive, and could hardly leave the town. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 25, sentence 79

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He was pitilessly beaten, and was scarcely left alive, and could hardly leave the town.

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**What happens:** beat, leave · **To what, where:** Tsar, town

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:25:80
# text = He was pitilessly beaten, and was scarcely left alive, and could hardly leave the town.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	pitilessly	pitilessly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	beaten	beat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	scarcely	scarcely	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
10	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beat** | past · passive |  | Tsar |  |  |  | pitilessly *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **leave** | past · passive |  |  |  |  |  | alive, scarcely *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V» |
| 3 | **leave** | could |  | the town |  |  |  | hardly *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent town=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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