---
title: He wept and sobbed, and remembered the words of the Gospel: _He hath… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He wept and sobbed, and remembered the words of the Gospel: _He hath put down the mighty from their seat, and hath exalted the humble and meek_. Who acts: Tsar. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 25, sentence 80

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He wept and sobbed, and remembered the words of the Gospel: \_He hath put down the mighty from their seat, and hath exalted the humble and meek\_.

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**Who acts:** Tsar · **What happens:** weep, sob, remember, have, put down, exalt · **To what, where:** words, humble, Gospel

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:25:81
# text = He wept and sobbed, and remembered the words of the Gospel: _He hath put down the mighty from their seat, and hath exalted the humble and meek_.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wept	weep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	sobbed	sob	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	remembered	remember	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Gospel	gospel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
17	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	xcomp	_	_
18	down	down	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
27	exalted	exalt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	ccomp	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	humble	humble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	obj	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	meek	meek	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weep** | past | Tsar |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **sob** | past | Tsar *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **remember** | past | Tsar *not said here* | the words of the Gospel |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent word=Theme |
| 4 | **have** | present | Tsar |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **put down** | participle | Tsar *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **have** | present | Tsar *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **exalt** | past | Tsar *not said here* | the humble |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer humble=Stimulus |
| 8 | **word** |  |  | the Gospel |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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