---
title: “Brothers,” Vanyúshka said, “our father is dead: who of us will go a… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “Brothers,” Vanyúshka said, “our father is dead: who of us will go and read prayers on his grave?” Who acts: Vanyúshka, father. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 26, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 26, sentence 109

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“Brothers,” Vanyúshka said, “our father is dead: who of us will go and read prayers on his grave?”

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**Who acts:** Vanyúshka, father · **What happens:** say, be, go, read · **To what, where:** prayers, grave · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vanyúshka, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:26:109
# text = “Brothers,” Vanyúshka said, “our father is dead: who of us will go and read prayers on his grave?”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Brothers	brother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	Vanyúshka	Vanyúshka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
14	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	_
17	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
21	prayers	prayer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
22	on	on	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | Vanyúshka |  |  |  |  | Brothers *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | our father |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **go** *in a quote* | future |  |  |  |  |  | who of us *nsubj* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **read** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | prayers |  | Father's grave |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prayer=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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