---
title: Ványa mounted the horse by one ear, dismounted it by the other, and… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Ványa mounted the horse by one ear, dismounted it by the other, and turned into so fine a youth as no tale can tell and no pen can write. Who acts: Ványa, tale, pen. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 26, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 26, sentence 123

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Ványa mounted the horse by one ear, dismounted it by the other, and turned into so fine a youth as no tale can tell and no pen can write.

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**Who acts:** Ványa, tale, pen · **What happens:** mount, dismount, turn, tell, write · **To what, where:** horse, fine youth · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ványa, tale, pen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:26:123
# text = Ványa mounted the horse by one ear, dismounted it by the other, and turned into so fine a youth as no tale can tell and no pen can write.
1	Ványa	Ványa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	mounted	mount	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	dismounted	dismount	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
18	so	so	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
22	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
23	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	24	det	_	_
24	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
25	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	advcl	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
28	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	29	det	_	_
29	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
30	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
31	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mount** | past | Ványa | the horse |  |  |  | by one ear | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent horse=Theme by ear=Destination |
| 2 | **dismount** | past | Ványa *not said here* | horse |  |  |  | by the other | vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **turn** | past |  |  |  | a fine youth |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into youth=Trajectory |
| 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | can | no tale |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **write** | can | no pen |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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