---
title: Eléna Tsarévna was asking for her bridegroom; Eléna Tsarévna was wis… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Eléna Tsarévna was asking for her bridegroom; Eléna Tsarévna was wishing to show him to the whole world, desiring to give him the half of her kingdom; but never a bridegroom appeared. Who acts: Eléna, bridegroom. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 26, with its depen
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 26, sentence 136

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Eléna Tsarévna was asking for her bridegroom; Eléna Tsarévna was wishing to show him to the whole world, desiring to give him the half of her kingdom; but never a bridegroom appeared.

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**Who acts:** Eléna, bridegroom · **What happens:** ask, wish, show, desire, give, not appear · **To what, where:** bridegroom, half

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Eléna, bridegroom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:26:136
# text = Eléna Tsarévna was asking for her bridegroom; Eléna Tsarévna was wishing to show him to the whole world, desiring to give him the half of her kingdom; but never a bridegroom appeared.
1	Eléna	Eléna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	Tsarévna	Tsarévna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	asking	ask	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	bridegroom	bridegroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	Eléna	Eléna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	Tsarévna	Tsarévna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	flat	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	wishing	wish	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	iobj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	desiring	desire	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	conj	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	xcomp	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	iobj	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	23	obj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
31	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
32	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	35	advmod	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	bridegroom	bridegroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
35	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past · progressive | Eléna |  |  |  |  | for Eléna's bridegroom | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **wish** | past · progressive | Eléna |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **show** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Eléna *not said here* |  | bridegroom |  |  | to the whole world | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Topic to world=Recipient |
| 4 | **desire** | gerund | Eléna *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 5 | **give** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Eléna *not said here* | the half of Eléna's kingdom | bridegroom |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient half=Theme |
| 6 | **not** **appear** | past | a bridegroom |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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