---
title: Next day, Elijah and Nicholas were faring through, and Elijah said:… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Next day, Elijah and Nicholas were faring through, and Elijah said: “Look how I’ve blasted the peasant’s field!” Who acts: Elijah. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 26, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 26, sentence 44

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Next day, Elijah and Nicholas were faring through, and Elijah said: “Look how I’ve blasted the peasant’s field!”

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**Who acts:** Elijah · **What happens:** fare, say, look, blast · **To what, where:** Elijah · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elijah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:26:44
# text = Next day, Elijah and Nicholas were faring through, and Elijah said: “Look how I’ve blasted the peasant’s field!”
1	Next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Elijah	Elijah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	Nicholas	Nicholas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	faring	fare	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	through	through	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	Elijah	Elijah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	ccomp	_	_
17	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	advmod	_	_
18	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	’ve	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	blasted	blast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	advcl	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	peasant	peasant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	’s	's	PART	POS	_	22	case	_	_
24	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fare** | past · progressive | Elijah and Nicholas |  |  |  | day | through *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: express* | past | Elijah |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **look** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **blast** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | Elijah |  |  |  | the peasant's field *obj* | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP ADJP»: subject=Patient field=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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