---
title: Then Yagá-Búra gripped it tight, put him into the mortar, and made o… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Yagá-Búra gripped it tight, put him into the mortar, and made off, leaping over hills, and forests, and clefts; and swiftly with the pestle driving the mortar. Who acts: Yagá, pestle. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 27, with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 27, sentence 134

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Then Yagá-Búra gripped it tight, put him into the mortar, and made off, leaping over hills, and forests, and clefts; and swiftly with the pestle driving the mortar.

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**Who acts:** Yagá, pestle · **What happens:** grip, put, make off, leap, drive · **To what, where:** hand, Fílyushka, mortar, forests, hills

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 27. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Yagá, pestle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:27:134
# text = Then Yagá-Búra gripped it tight, put him into the mortar, and made off, leaping over hills, and forests, and clefts; and swiftly with the pestle driving the mortar.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	Yagá	Yagá	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Búra	Búra	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
5	gripped	grip	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	tight	tight	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	mortar	mortar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
17	off	off	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	leaping	leap	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	_
20	over	over	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	clefts	cleft	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
30	swiftly	swiftly	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	pestle	pestle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	_
34	driving	drive	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	33	acl	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	mortar	mortar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grip** | past | Yagá | hand |  |  | then | the pestle *parataxis*; tight *property* | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **put** | infinitive | Yagá *not said here* |  | Fílyushka | the mortar |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent he=Goal |
| 3 | **make off** | participle | Yagá *not said here* | forests and clefts |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 4 | **leap** | gerund | Yagá *not said here* |  |  | hills |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over hill=Trajectory |
| 5 | **drive** | gerund | the pestle *not said here* | the mortar |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme mortar=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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