---
title: From some source or other a wondrous horse appeared in front of him,… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: From some source or other a wondrous horse appeared in front of him, and the steed galloped up, and the earth trembled. Who acts: wondrous horse, steed, earth. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 28, sentence 108

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From some source or other a wondrous horse appeared in front of him, and the steed galloped up, and the earth trembled.

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**Who acts:** wondrous horse, steed, earth · **What happens:** appear, gallop up, tremble · **To what, where:** source

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wondrous horse, steed, earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:28:108
# text = From some source or other a wondrous horse appeared in front of him, and the steed galloped up, and the earth trembled.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
3	source	source	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	wondrous	wondrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	steed	steed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	galloped	gallop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
19	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
24	trembled	tremble	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | past | a wondrous horse |  |  | some source |  | in front of Donotknow | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in front=Location |
| 2 | **gallop up** | past | the steed |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **tremble** | past | the earth |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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