---
title: He leapt into the open field, sent away his good horse, turned back… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He leapt into the open field, sent away his good horse, turned back home, put on the bladder and the bull’s hide, and began to walk about in the garden, as before, just like a scarecrow. Who acts: Donotknow, open field. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28, with it
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 28, sentence 124

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He leapt into the open field, sent away his good horse, turned back home, put on the bladder and the bull’s hide, and began to walk about in the garden, as before, just like a scarecrow.

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**Who acts:** Donotknow, open field · **What happens:** leapt, send away, turn back, put, begin, walk · **To what, where:** open field, good horse, bladder, garden

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Donotknow, open field), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:28:124
# text = He leapt into the open field, sent away his good horse, turned back home, put on the bladder and the bull’s hide, and began to walk about in the garden, as before, just like a scarecrow.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	leapt	leapt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
9	away	away	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
15	back	back	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	home	home	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	bladder	bladder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	’s	's	PART	POS	_	24	case	_	_
26	hide	hide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	xcomp	_	_
32	about	about	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
37	as	as	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	before	before	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
40	just	just	ADV	RB	_	43	advmod	_	_
41	like	like	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	scarecrow	scarecrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leapt** | past | Donotknow |  |  | the open field |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **send away** | participle | the open field *not said here* | Donotknow's good horse |  |  |  | away *property* | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme |
| 3 | **turn back** | past |  |  |  |  |  | home *property* | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **put** | participle |  |  |  | the bladder |  | the bull's hide *conj* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on bladder=Destination |
| 5 | **begin** | past | Donotknow *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a scarecrow; before *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 6 | **walk** | to-infinitive | Donotknow *not said here* |  |  | the garden |  | about *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in garden=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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