---
title: Here begins the tale of a grey horse, a chestnut horse and of the wi… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Here begins the tale of a grey horse, a chestnut horse and of the wise fallow-bay. Who acts: tale, grey horse. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 28, sentence 16

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Here begins the tale of a grey horse, a chestnut horse and of the wise fallow-bay.

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**Who acts:** tale, grey horse · **What happens:** be, tell · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tale, grey horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:28:16
# text = Here begins the tale of a grey horse, a chestnut horse and of the wise fallow-bay.
1	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	0	root	_	_
2	begins	begin	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	chestnut	chestnut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
16	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
17	fallow	fallow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	bay	bay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the tale of a grey horse and a chestnut horse and the wise fallow bay |  |  |  |  | here *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** |  | a grey horse |  |  |  |  |  | nom tale «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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