---
title: “Well, so it really had to be: whatever luck the Lord has given us w… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “Well, so it really had to be: whatever luck the Lord has given us we must use.” Who acts: luck, Lord, we. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 28, sentence 30

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“Well, so it really had to be: whatever luck the Lord has given us we must use.”

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**Who acts:** luck, Lord, we · **What happens:** have, be, give, use · **To what, where:** whatever, us

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (luck, Lord, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:28:30
# text = “Well, so it really had to be: whatever luck the Lord has given us we must use.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Well	well	INTJ	UH	_	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	really	really	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
11	whatever	whatever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	16	obl	_	_
12	luck	luck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
17	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	iobj	_	_
18	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | past | luck |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | luck | whatever |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **give** *in a quote* | present · perfect | the Lord |  | us |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme |
| 4 | **use** *in a quote* | must | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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