--- title: Iván the merchant’s son did as he was bidden and as soon as ever he… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics description: Iván the merchant’s son did as he was bidden and as soon as ever he had thrown the draught out of the window it began to rend the earth; and again he never said a single word to his stepmother; so she still thought that he was in the dark. Who acts: Iván, draught, stepmother. A sentence of «Russian --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/28/49/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Folk-Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/) / [Opening, part 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/28/) / 49 # Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 28, sentence 49 Iván the merchant’s son did as he was bidden and as soon as ever he had thrown the draught out of the window it began to rend the earth; and again he never said a single word to his stepmother; so she still thought that he was in the dark. **Who acts:** Iván, draught, stepmother · **What happens:** do, bid, throw, begin, rend, not say · **To what, where:** Iván, draught, window, earth, single word, stepmother · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván, draught, stepmother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg62509:28:49 # text = Iván the merchant’s son did as he was bidden and as soon as ever he had thrown the draught out of the window it began to rend the earth; and again he never said a single word to his stepmother; so she still thought that he was in the dark. 1 Iván Iván PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 merchant merchant NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 4 ’s 's PART POS _ 3 case _ _ 5 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 appos _ _ 6 did do VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 as as SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 8 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 9 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux:pass _ _ 10 bidden bid VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 advcl _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 12 as as ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 13 soon soon ADV RB Degree=Pos 18 advmod _ _ 14 as as ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 13 obl _ _ 16 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 17 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 18 thrown throw VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 10 conj _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 draught draught NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 out out ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 window window NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 26 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 acl:relcl _ _ 27 to to PART TO _ 28 mark _ _ 28 rend rend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 xcomp _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 31 ; ; PUNCT : _ 36 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 33 again again ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 34 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 35 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 36 advmod _ _ 36 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 38 single single ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 40 to to ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 42 stepmother stepmother NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 43 ; ; PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 44 so so ADV RB _ 47 advmod _ _ 45 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 nsubj _ _ 46 still still ADV RB _ 47 advmod _ _ 47 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 36 conj _ _ 48 that that SCONJ IN _ 53 mark _ _ 49 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 nsubj _ _ 50 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 53 cop _ _ 51 in in ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 52 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 53 dark dark NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 54 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **do** | past | Iván | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **bid** | past · passive | | Iván | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **throw** | past · perfect | Iván | the draught | | the window | ever | soon *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent draught=Theme out window=Destination | | 4 | **begin** | past | draught | the window *not said here* | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **rend** | to-infinitive | draught *not said here* | the earth | | | | | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent earth=Patient | | 6 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | past | Iván | a single word | Iván's stepmother | | again | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent word=Topic to stepmother=Recipient | | 7 | **think** *speech: other* | past | stepmother | | | | still | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **is** | past | Iván | | | the dark | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/28/48/) - next →: [sentence 50](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/28/50/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/28/)