---
title: The foal saw him and said, “My beloved master, I have saved you from… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The foal saw him and said, “My beloved master, I have saved you from three deaths—do you now save me from one. Who acts: foal, son, you. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 28, sentence 76

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The foal saw him and said, “My beloved master, I have saved you from three deaths—do you now save me from one.

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**Who acts:** foal, son, you · **What happens:** see, say, save · **To what, where:** son, you, three deaths · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (foal, son, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:28:76
# text = The foal saw him and said, “My beloved master, I have saved you from three deaths—do you now save me from one.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	foal	foal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	beloved	beloved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	saved	save	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	deaths	death	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
22	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	advmod	_	_
24	save	save	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
25	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	from	from	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the foal | son |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the foal *not said here* |  |  |  |  | My beloved master *ccomp* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **save** *in a quote* | present · perfect | the merchant's son *= son* | you |  | three deaths |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent you=Theme from death=Source |
| 4 | **save** *in a quote* | present · do-support | you | the merchant's son *= son* |  |  | now | from one | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent i=Theme from one=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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