---
title: Donotknow learned of this, shook off the bull’s hide, took off the b… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Donotknow learned of this, shook off the bull’s hide, took off the bladder, summoned his good horse, and leapt to the field. Who acts: Donotknow. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 29, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 29, sentence 1

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Donotknow learned of this, shook off the bull’s hide, took off the bladder, summoned his good horse, and leapt to the field.

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**Who acts:** Donotknow · **What happens:** learn, shake off, take off, summon, leapt · **To what, where:** hide, bladder, good horse

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 29. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Donotknow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:29:1
# text = Donotknow learned of this, shook off the bull’s hide, took off the bladder, summoned his good horse, and leapt to the field.
1	Donotknow	Donotknow	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	shook	shake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	off	off	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	’s	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	hide	hide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
14	off	off	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	bladder	bladder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	summoned	summon	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
20	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	leapt	leapt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | Donotknow |  |  |  |  | of this | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent of this=Topic |
| 2 | **shake off** | past | Donotknow *not said here* | the bull's hide |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent hide=Patient |
| 3 | **take off** | past |  | the bladder |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bladder=Theme |
| 4 | **summon** | past |  |  | Donotknow's good horse |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Recipient |
| 5 | **leapt** | infinitive | Donotknow *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the field | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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