---
title: Iván the merchant’s son lived on in his kingdom for good and lived a… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Iván the merchant’s son lived on in his kingdom for good and lived all for happiness, took his own father to stay with him, but consigned his stepmother to punishment. Who acts: Iván. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 29, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 29, sentence 31

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Iván the merchant’s son lived on in his kingdom for good and lived all for happiness, took his own father to stay with him, but consigned his stepmother to punishment.

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**Who acts:** Iván · **What happens:** live on, live, take, stay, consign · **To what, where:** kingdom, own father, stepmother

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 29. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:29:31
# text = Iván the merchant’s son lived on in his kingdom for good and lived all for happiness, took his own father to stay with him, but consigned his stepmother to punishment.
1	Iván	Iván	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	’s	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
6	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
15	all	all	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	happiness	happiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
21	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	advcl	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	consigned	consign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	stepmother	stepmother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live on** | past | Iván |  |  | son's kingdom for good |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in kingdom=Location |
| 2 | **live** | past | Iván *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for happiness; all *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | past |  |  | son's own father |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument father=Destination |
| 4 | **stay** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with son | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with he=Location |
| 5 | **consign** | past |  | son's stepmother |  |  |  | to punishment | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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