---
title: So the dog lived by himself and had no cares, and when he had eaten… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: So the dog lived by himself and had no cares, and when he had eaten all and was again hungry, he ran up to the bear. Who acts: dog, foal. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 3, sentence 60

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So the dog lived by himself and had no cares, and when he had eaten all and was again hungry, he ran up to the bear.

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**Who acts:** dog, foal · **What happens:** live, have, eat, be, run up · **To what, where:** cares

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dog, foal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:3:60
# text = So the dog lived by himself and had no cares, and when he had eaten all and was again hungry, he ran up to the bear.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	10	det	_	_
10	cares	care	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
13	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	16	mark	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	advcl	_	_
17	all	all	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
20	again	again	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	hungry	hungry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
25	up	up	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  | by foal | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by himself=Location |
| 2 | **have** | past | the dog *not said here* | no cares |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent care=Patient |
| 3 | **eat** | past · perfect | foal |  |  |  |  | all *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | past | foal *not said here* |  |  |  | again | hungry *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **run up** | past | foal |  |  |  |  | to the bear *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to bear=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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