---
title: But the dog saw that it was going to a miserable life without any fo… — Russian Folk-Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: But the dog saw that it was going to a miserable life without any food, and secretly began bringing it bread and butter and feeding it. Who acts: dog. A sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 3, sentence 98

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But the dog saw that it was going to a miserable life without any food, and secretly began bringing it bread and butter and feeding it.

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**Who acts:** dog · **What happens:** see, go, begin, bring, feed · **To what, where:** miserable life, DOG · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg62509:3:98
# text = But the dog saw that it was going to a miserable life without any food, and secretly began bringing it bread and butter and feeding it.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	ccomp	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	miserable	miserable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	without	without	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	15	det	_	_
15	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	secretly	secretly	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
20	bringing	bring	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	xcomp	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	butter	butter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	feeding	feed	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	conj	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **go** | past · progressive | DOG |  |  | a miserable life |  | without any food | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to life=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **begin** | past | the dog *not said here* |  |  |  |  | secretly *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **bring** | gerund | the dog *not said here* | DOG |  |  |  | bread and butter *obj* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent it=Destination bread=Theme |
| 5 | **feed** | gerund | the dog *not said here* | DOG |  |  |  |  | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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